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  • Inquire: Call 0086-755-23203480, or reach out via the form below/your sales contact to discuss our design, manufacturing, and assembly capabilities.
  • Quote: Email your PCB files to Sales@pcbsync.com (Preferred for large files) or submit online. We will contact you promptly. Please ensure your email is correct.
Drag & Drop Files, Choose Files to Upload You can upload up to 3 files.

Notes:
For PCB fabrication, we require PCB design file in Gerber RS-274X format (most preferred), *.PCB/DDB (Protel, inform your program version) format or *.BRD (Eagle) format. For PCB assembly, we require PCB design file in above mentioned format, drilling file and BOM. Click to download BOM template To avoid file missing, please include all files into one folder and compress it into .zip or .rar format.

Transmission Line Loss Calculator | PCBsync
PCB Signal Integrity Tool

Transmission Line Loss Calculator

Calculate conductor loss, dielectric loss, and surface roughness effects for microstrip and stripline structures

Line Parameters

Enter your transmission line geometry

Geometry
mm
mm
mm
mm
Geometry
mm
mm
mm
mm
Material Properties
Conductor & Surface
µm
Frequency
GHz
GHz

Loss Components

Total transmission line loss consists of:

  • Conductor Loss (αc): Due to finite conductivity and skin effect
  • Dielectric Loss (αd): Due to polarization losses in substrate
  • Roughness Loss: Additional loss from surface roughness (Hammerstad-Jensen model)

Loss Analysis Results

At operating frequency

Total Loss
-- dB
Total attenuation over trace length
Loss per Unit Length
-- dB/mm
-- dB/inch
Conductor Loss (αc)
-- dB
Skin effect + DC resistance
Dielectric Loss (αd)
-- dB
Substrate polarization loss
Roughness Loss
-- dB
Hammerstad-Jensen correction
Characteristic Impedance
-- Ω
Estimated Z₀
Skin Depth
-- µm
At operating frequency
Effective εr
--
Effective dielectric constant

Loss Distribution

Conductor
Dielectric
Roughness
Conductor: --%
Dielectric: --%
Roughness: --%
Loss vs. Frequency
Frequency (GHz) Loss (dB)
Total Loss
Conductor
Dielectric

Microstrip Cross-Section

Ground Plane Dielectric (εr) W H

Loss Calculation Formulas

Conductor Loss (Microstrip)

αc = Rs / (W × Z₀) [Np/m] Rs = √(π × f × μ₀ / σ)

Where Rs is surface resistance, W is trace width, Z₀ is impedance, f is frequency, σ is conductivity

Dielectric Loss

αd = (π × f × √εeff × tan(δ)) / c αd = 27.3 × (εr/√εeff) × (εeff-1)/(εr-1) × tan(δ) / λ₀

Where tan(δ) is loss tangent, εeff is effective permittivity, c is speed of light

Roughness Factor (Hammerstad-Jensen)

Ksr = 1 + (2/π) × arctan(1.4 × (Δ/δ)²) α_rough = αc × Ksr

Where Δ is RMS roughness (≈ Rz/4), δ is skin depth. Factor ranges from 1 to 2.

Skin Depth

δ = 1 / √(π × f × μ₀ × σ) δ_copper @ 1GHz ≈ 2.1 µm δ_copper @ 10GHz ≈ 0.66 µm

Current penetration depth into conductor, decreases with √f

Effective Permittivity (Microstrip)

εeff = (εr+1)/2 + (εr-1)/2 × 1/√(1 + 12×H/W)

Accounts for fringing fields in air above microstrip

Total Loss

α_total = αc × Ksr + αd [dB/length] Loss(dB) = α_total × Length × 8.686

Convert from Np/m to dB/m by multiplying by 8.686 (20/ln(10))

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Contact Sales & After-Sales Service

Contact & Quotation

  • Inquire: Call 0086-755-23203480, or reach out via the form below/your sales contact to discuss our design, manufacturing, and assembly capabilities.

  • Quote: Email your PCB files to Sales@pcbsync.com (Preferred for large files) or submit online. We will contact you promptly. Please ensure your email is correct.

Drag & Drop Files, Choose Files to Upload You can upload up to 3 files.

Notes:
For PCB fabrication, we require PCB design file in Gerber RS-274X format (most preferred), *.PCB/DDB (Protel, inform your program version) format or *.BRD (Eagle) format. For PCB assembly, we require PCB design file in above mentioned format, drilling file and BOM. Click to download BOM template To avoid file missing, please include all files into one folder and compress it into .zip or .rar format.